1. Oil Exploration
　　Earthquake exploration is an important approach to determine the geological structure of an area and play an important role in prospect for oil. One key technique is how to locate the artesian well. A wrong position will lead to great loss as well as missing the mission. Generally, Prospect for 100 kilo-meter square area would produce data as many as 30GB-60GB and Supercomputer of 1 TFlops needs two month to process these data. So, development of high performance computer hardware and parallel software for oil prove is of great significance.

2. Satellite Image Processing

　　Remote sensing technique with satellite has been widely used in agriculture, geology, hydrology, archeology and global environment exploration. It can produce massive image data. It usually need process these data as fast as possible. Study and development of parallel processing approach and useful technique, especially advanced system architecture and friendly user interface will play a key role in economics and national defense.

3. Environmental Protection and Meteorology

　　The equation for weather forecast had been established at the beginning of 1920’s. But only after the emergence of computer can digital weather forecast is possible. Weather forecast was limited to 24 hours by the capacity of processing before parallel computer system is available. High performance computing is an essential approach to solving the massive scientific computing in digital weather forecast. Weather forecast can be more precise with the high performance computing technique to improve the differentiate ratio. In recent years, Weather Bureau of Beijing makes great progress in guarantee service of some extreme weather events such as high temperature in middle of summer and time of sand storm in spring using middle-scale forecast of 5-15 kilometer with the revise of forecaster.

4. Auto Manufacture

　　High performance computing is the basis of wide use of information. Three approaches can be used in full range of information for enterprise. The first is adding electronic element to product to enhance function and to improve quality. The second emphasizes on management with the content of information management, resource management and flow control, such as ERP and MIS. The third emphasizes on techniques and products with CAD/CAE/CAM. Manufacture industry emphasizes on the product. Study of digital emulation and simulator with high performance computer is helpful to develop higher performance autos in short time as well as virtual car collision experiment, humanity car design, improving safety and reliability, environment protection and comfort, promotion of entire design grade of the auto industry, shortening design cycle, deducing design cost.

5. Aeronautic and Aerospace

　　In aeronautic and aerospace industries, high performance computing is mainly applied to aspects of scientific computing, real-time emulation, image processing, artificial intelligence, database and CAD etc. In current aircraft design flow, high performance computing, wind tunnel experiment and free-flight motion are the three ways to obtain aircraft aerodynamic force data. Adopting the methods of computational fluid dynamics and computational aerodynamics can shorten period, reduce cost, change parameters and repeat computing. For the future aircrafts with which experiment cannot be carried out in specific flying mode, numerical simulation method can reduce risk of designing and can make decision rapidly for hopeful design proposal before the wind tunnel experiment. Some countries that have advanced technologies, such as USA, always equip the best parallel computer in national aeronautics and space administration.

6. Defense Industries

　　In Many aspects of defense industry studies, such as armor protection performance research, shrapnel throwing simulation, shell drill-through simulation, filling ammunition security evaluation, anti-damage of defense work etc, all largely uses the methods of computing simulation and numerical simulation. These studies sometimes cannot obtain overall result through experiment, but can obtain them through virtual “experiments” by using numerical simulation technology on computer system. Furthermore, these “experiments” can take account of various possible states including ultimate state. At present time, numerical simulation technology has played an important role in the development of martial facility.

7. Antagonizes among Systems

　　High performance computing technology has the same important effect in high-tech warfare, such as making the battle plans, handling intelligence and information, commanding and deploying troops, coordinating the actions in a battle etc. In Gulf War, a group of mainframe computers were installed in American headquarters at the Gulf, which established the strong C3I system. The various information of military intelligence, progress of the battle, objects to attack and organize soldiers etc, was synchronously shown on the screen of main console. The huge supplies of logistics were under the control of two mainframe computers.

8. Hydraulics and Hydropower

　　The problems of Main dam designing, building technology, security and prolonging life are all major problems that are desiderated to resolve in department of water resources and hydropower. The calculation scale of them mainly depends on calculation field that is usually huge. High performance computer system is the indispensable tool to resolve this type of problems.

9. The Ships' Design

　　Ships design includes: Ship overall design and optimization, the simulation research of the ship’s load environment, the ship’s construction designs and strength designs etc. The huge ship researches usually take the method of designing one ship and manufacture it, it is impossible to do the 1:1 experiment, therefore, the simulation technology like finite element and finite difference etc. play a dispensable role in the aspects of ship’s design and analysis.

10. Buildings and Bridges

　　The city modernization progress is updated everyday. The skyscrapers and edifices, bridges and tunnels are changing our cities greatly. The safety of the buildings/bridges/tunnels, including the capabilities of anti-earthquake, anti-destruction; anti-fire etc. becomes the urgent issues that need to be solved. The nation promulgates a flood of laws and regulations, which states that only based on large quantities of analyzing and calculating, can this kind of questions be answered. This is also an important application field of high performance computation.

11. Medicine Design

　　With the fast development of the computer technology, the design and discovery of the medicine are also changed from dependence on "luck" and large quantity of random synthesis in design and discovering new medicine to exploit of new medicine purposely and rationally with the usage of computers. The CADD’s main purpose is to make use of statistics and molecular model to guide the new leading structural designs or detections, and reduce the waste on time and resources before the new medicine is put into the market.

12. Bioinformatics

　　The bioinformatics takes the analysis of DNA sequence information as the research origin, works out the secrete concealing in the DNA sequence heredity language, finds out the coding region that represents protein and RNA gene, especially clarified substantial content of non-coding-region; predicts and simulates the protein’s space construction after the discovering of new gene information; and then proceed the necessary medicine design according to particular protein function. Hence, in the era of genome study, the bio-informatics includes three important parts: genome informatics, the simulation on proteomics and the medicine designs. Either for computer science theories, fast arithmetic design and analysis, or for the development toward high performance computer, the bio-informatics makes a lot of challenging problems.

13. Computational Chemistry

　　Computing technology has changed traditional chemistry greatly. The chemistry has transferred the method from only-experiment-no-calculation to experiment-before-calculation; also surely will transfer to computation-before-experiment gradually. Without studies on computer-aided construction analyzing, molecular design and the synthesis route design with the usage of high-performance computer, it is impossible to proceed the vast chemistry knowledge effectively, to systematically search the changes of properties by the structure variation, and to logically proceed certain reasoning, to identify the correct molecular construction, to predict the compound molecular construction with certain property, and to analyze the synthesis route etc.

14. Computational Geography

　　Urban geographical calculation is a typical data-intensive application that only with the facility of high performance computer can we develop the work to solve the geographical problems characterized with "integral", "huge-volume" data, to answer some important problems in city construction, such as the problem of the commuter movement forecast between the center and the skirt of a city; census, population forecast, population layout over districts; the problems of the reconstruction of the type, construction, function, organization of families, communities as the basic living unit of a city; the simulation of urban industry, economy development principles, mechanism, pervasion, etc.; the morphological evolution of a city in different time-, space- scales, etc.

15. Computational Physics

　　This study deals with the numerical calculation of the physical problems in the fields of statistical physics, quantum mechanics, fluid dynamics, nuclear particle movement, nuclear physics, astrophysics, solid physics, plasma physics, dispersion of atoms and molecule, the earth's surface wave, geophysics, radio astronomy, controlled thermonuclear reaction and atmospheric circumfluence. Physics is the most popular field that uses high performance computing among fundamental sciences.

16.Commercial Computation and Mathematical Statistics

　　Probability theory and mathematical statistics is to study the essence and intrinsic principles of all kinds of random phenomena and to study the scientific and synthetic process and statistical deducing method of all kinds of date type in all kinds of science such as natural science, social science, etc. With the increasing volume, complexity and precision in systems of human society, the importance of probability and statistics will become larger and larger. For example, the popular application of stochastic analysis, time-sequence analysis, multi-variate statistic analysis, regression analysis, statistic computing, sampling survey, assurance statistics, decision analysis, etc. in scientific research and commercial computing.

17.Scientific and Engineering Computing

　　Scientific and engineering computing is based on computing mathematics and computing physics, solving all sorts of scientific and engineering problems, studying the development technology of all sorts of numerical software. A lot of disciplines such as numerical algebra, numerical solution of partial differential equations, optimization methods, theoretical mechanics, fluid dynamics, CAD of control systems, simulation and Monte-Carlo approach, inverse problems in mathematics and physics, computer graphics etc. are widely used in many fields such as computing physics, computing chemistry, computing materials science, geophysics, astronomy, etc.